The Three Differences between Chrome OS and Android

On December 7th, Google is expected to announce the release of a laptop with the first version of the Chrome operating system. Concurrently, Google is going great guns with Android. Does Google really need two operating systems? So what’s going on here?

Here’s what Google is up to. Yes, both Android and Chrome OS are Linux-based operating systems. Neither, at the application level, uses the common Linux desktop application programming interfaces (API) that are used by the GNOME or KDEdesktops and their applications.

They’re also similar in that both use a common set of techniques to make them more secure. The most important of these is process sand-boxing. What this means is that any Chrome or Android application has just enough access to the system to do its job.

Once you’re past this, the two look and act in very different ways. Here are their main points of difference:

1) Android is for Phones & Tablets; Chrome OS is for Netbooks

Google said at the start that “Google Chrome OS is being created for people who spend most of their time on the Web, and is being designed to power computers ranging from small netbooks to full-size desktop systems.” Google hasn’t always been on message with this.

Google also took its time getting even a Chrome beta out the door. Now that Chrome OS is about to be unveiled, we know that it is going to be Google’s “desktop” operating system, while Android is for smart phones and tablets.

The Android interface is designed foremost for touch. Google Chrome OS looks and acts just like the Chrome Web browser.

2) Chrome OS won’t run Linux desktop or Android Apps

I use quotes around “desktop” with good reason. While Chrome OS will be used like a desktop operating system, it’s not a traditional fat-client desktop like Windows or even a Linux desktop such as Mint. Instead, all of its “applications” will be cloud-based. To see what I mean, just look at the Chrome browser and Google Apps. You’re looking at a sketch of the Google Chrome OS.

There will be just enough Linux in Chrome OS–thanks, in part, to Ubuntu– to support the browser and Web-based applications. You will also likely be able to run some traditional desktop applicationsusing a remote-client computing technology called “Chromoting.”

As for Android applications, where all the applications are Java-based and depend on Dalvik, I don’t see any way that those applications will run on Chrome OS.

3) Chrome OS Constantly Updated

Like the Chrome browser, you can expect Chrome OS to be patched and improved constantly. This instead of being patched to fix problems or having features added in service packs, Chrome OS, for better or worse, will continually evolve. With Chrome OS, there won’t be any wait for different versions a la Android 2.3 Gingerbread.

Still having trouble visualizing it? Well, don’t worry too much. Within the next few days, we’ll have the opportunity to see Chrome OS and see how it differs from Android and other desktop operating systems.

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A quick look at Google Chrome OS

When you launch a laptop running Google's Chrome OS for the first time, it will walk you through a simple and short registration process that begins with connecting to the Internet.

Like Chrome-the-browser, Chrome-the-OS will also require users to sign off on an End User License Agreement before they can use the computer.

You can sign in to Chrome OS using your existing Google account. If you purchase apps from the Chrome Web Store now and then get a Chrome OS computer next year, your apps will sync to the new laptop instantly.

Chrome OS laptops will all come with Web cams, and users will be asked to take a photo of themselves to use as their avatar. It's not clear if the Chrome OS avatar will override your current Google one.

If you're familiar with Chrome as a browser, and you're familiar with smartphone-style apps, you ought to have a fairly gentle learning curve for Chrome OS. The apps are front and center, while tabs and controls are up at the top and in the corner.

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AMD releases fastest desktop processor ever, the six-core Phenom II X6 1100T Black Edition

For those who want serious performance without spending hundreds of dollars on Intel’s Core i7 processors, AMD offers the Phenom II X6 CPU series — six cores for under $300. Intel’s rival has just delivered a new version, the 1100T Black Edition, that benchmarking sites have found to be the fastest desktop processor AMD has released to date.

The 1100T is a few tweaks ahead of its predecessor, the 1090T Black Edition, and based on the same Thuban 45nm core. For the uninitiated, Black Edition means that the processor has an unlocked multiplier, which aids in overclocking. While the 1090T has a 3.2GHz core clock speed and a Turbo Core frequency of 3.6GHz, the 1100T bumps these up to 3.3GHz and 3.7GHz, respectively.

The 1100T continues the Phenom II X6’s assault on Intel Core i5 CPUs, with Hot Hardware finding that it could surpass the Core i5-750 quad-core on a number of benchmarks and Anandtech concluding that it could even hang close to the Core i7-860. Just don’t expect it to get anywhere near the performance of Intel’s six-core Core i7s.

The good news is you won’t have to pay anywhere near $1,000 for AMD’s top six-core CPU. The 1100T is listed at just $265, which means that the 1090T is now priced even less at $235. You might not get the ultimate processor bragging rights, but you’ll get a better price-for-performance deal.

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Google releases first Chrome OS-based laptop: the Cr-48

Google has officially unveiled the Cr-48, the first Chrome OS laptop. But the only way to get one soon is to be a member of the upcoming pilot program.

Before everyone gets excited, know that this is defintiely a business-focused notebook. Application data will be saved to a cloud rather than the Cr-48. And as Google asserts that buyers “can spend less on hardware” with Chrome notebooks, expect a reasonable price tag but a no-frills machine.

Not everything has been revealed about this portable computer so far, but the following specs have been confirmed:

• 12.1-inch display
• 10-second boot time
• Flash storage
• 802.11n Wi-Fi
• Built-in 3G
• Integrated Google Apps
• Webcam
• Full size keyboard
• Oversized click pad
• Battery life: Up to eight hours of active use; up to eight days on standby

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Free Games Sites

Need to know what are the sites which is offering free games so here are the sites which are all offering free games to play in the internet.

1) www.miniclip.com

2) www.gametop.com

3) www.freegames.com

4) www.freegamesjungle.com

5) freegames.org

6) www.zapak.com

7) www.download-free-games.com

8) www.free-games.com.au

9) www.pictogame.com

10) www.freeonlinegames.com

so go to the site and enjoy

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Backstreet Boys

So this is it what everybody is waiting for the best songs which the team is creating with lots of efforts for the people to earn the fever in the music, need to know what hte next albulm for backstreet boys , you can go to the link below and get to know what are the new albums which they are all working on

Backstreet Boys
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Nokia Releases 5800 firmware v52.007 updates

Nokia release the firmware updates for the most popular 5800 mobile, you can download it from ovi suite and install it later in to ur phone or you can directely download to ur phone from the menu->settings->phone->pnone mgmt-.device updates->options->check for updates .The update is available through FOTA and NSU.
you can also download it from here


Download : Nokia Firmware 5800 XpressMusic RM-356 MENA 52.0.007 v15.0


Features improved: 
* Improved Performance: As with every good firmware upgrade, v52 leaves your phone feeling much snappier and responsive than before. Menu response, browser performance, and even the speed of UI auto-rotate has seen a boost.


* Louder volume levels in the music-player


* Slight modifications in the onscreen keyboard layout and spacing The onscreen keyboard has been tweaked slightly, with marginally improved spacing - this essentially means that typing-errors will reduce a little bit, but the change is not very significant.


* Improved touch-response: The touch-screen sensitivity has increased noticably, and so has the haptic-feedback. The short rumble you used to get for each touch has transformed into something more soft and realistic, very similar to the response of an actual, physical button-press.


* The Maps application has been updated to version 3.04 (10WK32), which brings some major revamps - in addition to the usual Lonely Planet and Burrp, you get additional goodies like the Map Reporter, with which you can report errors or missing features in the map of your area.


* Several bug-fixes in the WiFi connectivity: Have you, for instance, tried to browse the Ovi Store over a WiFi connection and failed, and never knew what was wrong? Well, this was a bug - this and several other similar bugs have been fixed in the newest update.


* The browser has been updated to version 7.2.6.9, and the image and video capturing algorithms have been improved 


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Google launches Nexus S, latest Android platform

Google on Monday announced its Nexus S, the device that will be the showpiece for the Gingerbread/Android 2.3 release. In addition, the Gingerbread software developer kit (SDK) is now available.

The Nexus S was co-developed with Samsung and will be the first out of the gate with Android 2.3, which on the surface looks a lot like Android 2.2 in terms of user interface.

Like the first Nexus phone, Google will sell the latest version unlocked and with “a pure Google experience.” These efforts are designed to highlight what Android can do before carriers start adding icons, bolting down app stores and carrying out other hijinks.

Generally speaking, the Nexus S looks evolutionary not revolutionary. There’s no dual-core and the screen is similar to what’s found in a Droid. The main implication for the Nexus S is that Samsung appears to be the Android flag carrier these days.

The latest improvements to Android include (blog post):

• User interface tweaks;
• Near field communication support;
• New keyboard and text selection;
• VoIP calling;
• And other improvements.

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Windows 8 leaks

 Windows 8 rumor: To be named Windows 365:

I got a tip from a little bird that Microsoft may rename Windows 8 in order to better align the product with the upcoming Cloud 365 suite.

This is just a rumor and I have no corroborating evidence to back it up but the name that has been floated is Windows 365.

I wouldnt bet on this tip but the name actually sounds good to me.

Windows 8 rumor : Security updates and Liscensing from Cloud:

Now while I have no reason to believe that this is anything but PURE speculation at this point, he does bring up 2 good points which I will write about soon.

1. Using the cloud to apply system updates
2. Using the cloud to validate an OS license.

Stay tuned folks…

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Mobile Number Portability in India

After several delays, Nov 25^th was decided  on as the date when Mobile Number Portability would roll out in India. Starting in Haryana, a state in the Northern circle users can now opt to change their mobile carriers while keeping their numbers. The terms of switching operators as defined for Haryana and in all likelihood for other cities, are:

 1.User will have to obtain a unique porting number by sending a SMS.

 2.The code along with filled forms and valid identity proof documents need to be submitted to the new operator.

 3. Rs 19 is the switching fee.

 4. A user can switch after 90 days of a new connection being activated.

 5. Postpaid users need to clear all dues before applying to switch.

 6. Prepaid users lose any remaining talk time after switching.

 7. MNP request can be cancelled within 24 hours and a new request should be processed within 7 days.

With 3G services starting to roll out, the mobile space should get competitive with operators having some time to announce lucrative deals to attract and retain consumers in the metropolitans. According to the latest statistics about the  mobile market size in India, Airtel leads by quite a margin. There are about 509 million users according to the Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) report for October 2010. The breakup for some operators is:

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Windows Open source softwares

1) VLC
VLC is one of the most flexible multimedia players available. It supports a vast number of audio and video formats, including H.264, Ogg, DivX, MKV, TS, MPEG-2, mp3, MPEG-4, and aac, and it supports streaming and TV capture cards. VLC isn't limited to viewing multimedia files, either. It can convert and transcode formats, too.

2) Gnumeric
Gnumeric is the spreadsheet portion of the GNOME Office suite (as well as a stand-alone tool). It has been around for quite some time and is an outstanding entry in the spreadsheet world. Gnumeric currently has 520 spreadsheet functions (154 of which are unique) and is faster than any spreadsheet application you have ever tried. Gnumeric can read many spreadsheet formats, but if you're looking for a clone of Excel, look elsewhere.

3) Abiword
Abiword is also a part of the GNOME office suite (as well as a stand-alone tool), and it can serve all your word processing needs. With Abiword, you can create and collaborate. It's lightweight, fast, reliable, and (like all tools on this list) free! Abiword can read and write both Microsoft Office and OpenOffice document formats.

4) Audacity
Audacity is an incredible piece of software for recording and editing sounds. You can use it to record live audio, convert analog recordings to digital, cut/copy/splice, change speed and pitch, and import/export numerous formats. Audacity can also remove noise and add effects. If you're looking for an open source recording studio, don't overlook Audacity.

5) Inkscape
Inkscape is a powerful vector graphics editor similar to Illustrator, Corel Draw, and Xara X. It closely adheres to W3C standard SVG file format, so you can be sure that any SVG file created with (or edited by) Inkscape will work with any other standards-compliant tool. One nice aspect of Inkscape is the availability of numerous tutorials, which you will find on the Inkscape site and on other sites.
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Red Hat Tips and Tricks

1) Wiping a hard Drive

Have you ever needed to completely wipe out critical data from a hard drive? As we all know, mkfs doesn’t
erase a lot. (You already knew this, right?) mkfs and its variants (e.g., mkfs.ext3 and mke2fs) only get rid of a few important data structures on the filesystem, but the data is still there! For a SCSI disk connected as /dev/sdb, a quick
dd if=/dev/sdb | strings
will let anyone recover text data from a supposedly erased hard drive. Binary data is more complicated to
retrieve, but the same basic principle applies: the data was not completely erased. To make things harder for the bad guys, an old trick was to use the ‘dd’ command as a way to erase a drive.
Note: This command will erase your disk!
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb
There’s one problem with this: newer, more advanced, techniques make it possible to retrieve data that were
replaced with a bunch of 0s. To make it more difficult, if not impossible, for the bad guys to read data that was previously stored on a disk, Red Hat ships the “shred” utility as part of the coreutils RPM package. Launching “shred” on a disk or a partition will write repeatedly (25 times by default) to all locations on the disk.
Note: Be careful with this one too!
shred /dev/sdb
This is currently known to be a very safe way to delete data from a hard drive

2) USB when the Drivers not available

As a way to save a few valuable pennies on newer PCs, manufacturers are increasingly getting rid of the good old PS/2 keyboard and mouse interfaces. As a result, some recent systems only ship with USB ports to which we need to connect a USB keyboard and mouse. USB is all well and good, but what if the driver for your USB controller is not loaded? In practice, this is not a problem, as Red Hat loads the ehci- hcd and uhci-hcd drivers automatically at boot time. There are situations, namely in emergency mode, where the USB drivers won't be available. So you won't even be able to enter a command. This is due to the fact that in emergency mode all drivers need to be provided in the initrd file under /boot, and USB is not there by default. The trick is to add those drivers, so that they will be available earlier. The 'mkinitrd' command can do precisely that with the '--with' argument (this only works under RHEL4):
mkinitrd --with=ehci-hcd --with=uhci-hcd /boot/newinitrd-`uname -
r`.img
`uname -r`
Add a new entry in your grub.conf file (always do backups!) that points to this new initrd image, and you're
done! Your USB keyboard now works in emergency mode.
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Cell Phones with high radiation levels - 2010

There are many cell phones in the market used by the people so there are also some cell phones with the high radiation, this does not tells that these cell phones are harmfull, they are also approved by the by checking the SAR level, so its your choice to select the better..

1) Blackberry Bold 9650, SAR level 1.43

2) Blackberry Tour 9630, SAR level 1.43

3)  Motorola Droid X, SAR level 1.43

4) Motorola Stature i9, SAR level 1.44

5) Motorola i576 , SAR level 1.45

6) Verizon LG Chocolate Touch, SAR Level 1.47

7) HTC Desire, SAR Level 1.48

8) Motorola Droid & Motorola Droid 2, SAR Level 1.49

9) LG Rumar 2, SAR Level 1.51

10) Sony Ericson Satio, SAR Level 1.56

So guys Select the Best Which you like Bye
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Interesting Features in Windows 8

Hi guys We all know that windows 7 has really made the turning point for Microsoft because of its user interface , performance , stability etc, like windows 7 Microsoft is planning to give more features in the upcoming OS Windows 8 which is going to released in 2014, i came to know abut some of the feature in the Windows 8 OS


Microsoft is planning to make Windows 8 an 128-bit operating system, according to details leaked from the software giant’s Research department. The discovery came to light after Microsoft Research employee, Robert Morgan, carelessly left details of his work on the social-networking site, Linked.

“Research & Development projects including 128-bit architecture compatibility with the Windows 8 kernel and Windows 9 project plan”

The senior researcher’s profile said he was: “Working in high security department for research and development involving strategic planning for medium and long term projects. Research & Development projects including 128-bit architecture compatibility with the Windows 8 kernel and Windows 9 project plan. Forming relationships with major partners: Intel, AMD, HP and IBM.”

A move to 128-bit support would be a bold move for Microsoft. Many outsiders were urging Microsoft to make Windows 7 64-bit only, but the company continues to offer a 32-bit version of the forthcoming OS.


Microsoft has said very little publicly about  Windows 8, although on a visit to the UK earlier this week, CEO Steve Ballmer denied rumours that Windows 7 would be the last major client OS the company
produced. Ballmer admitted that planning was underway on Windows 8, although it’s highly unlikely that the OS will arrive until 2012 at the earliest.

This Slashdot comment raises some interesting points:

“Most 64-bit processors provide 40 or 48 bits of address space; they ignore the other two or three bytes of the address (often they support a larger virtual address space than physical, but even then it’s usually less than 64-bit). I’ve yet to see a consumer- grade machine with more RAM than PAE (36-bit addressing) could address. That said, memory is not the only place where the number of bits is important. Hard
drives are typically addressed by 512-byte blocks, so 32 bits gives you 2TB, which is a single disk these days. 64 bits gives you 8ZB, which is quite a lot, but it’s not a completely unreasonable amount; some people are going to find that constraining in the next few years, which is why ZFS uses 128 bits. It’s not that 128 bits are necessary, so much that 65 bits are and 128 is the most computationally-convenient size after 128. Making sure everything in the kernel supports 128-bit filesystem offsets is an important for long-term project.”
Seems to me the future of Wine is going to also have be 128 bit to remain relevant and run the future 128 bit Games and Office tools that are geared for the future Windows OS. Possibly by the time of Windows 8 this will be when they finally kill off 32 bit support and release 64 bit and 128 bit versions of Windows. Looks as if the ground work for 128 bit computing is being set now and therefor a future 128 bit release of our favorite Windows re implementation Wine.

NOTE :- This information is based on currently available resources and might become
irrelevant after the official announcement of WINDOWS 8
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How to hide Folder (can be retrived only with name)

Hi guys everybody will think of hiding their folder on order to protect their personal contents so each and everybody's option will be only for looking for a software for hiding their folder but here i m going to show u the tricks to hide the folder.

1) Select the folder which you need to hide.

2) Then go to the cmd and then make a link to the folder which u need to hide.

3) Then type "attrib +a +h +r +s <folder name>" in the cmd.

4) Then u ll see that the folder which u have created ll be hidden.

5) Then to retrive the folder in the cmd go to the location where u have placed the folder and type "attrib -a -h -r -s <folder name>, now u can see your folder.

  The hidden folder cannot be seen when you choose the disable option in the folder options in your desktop.

here are some pics for your reference.

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Free Cleaner and Registry Remover

Many of you ll suffer from the performance of the computer that ll be taken by your recycle bin or the cookies or the unwanted registry so inorder to remove these things you need a best cleaner so here are two of the top free cleaners

1) CCleaner:
    It is used to clean the cookies , internet cache, recycle bin, unwanted programs etc, and it also make an option to save the registry files.
2) Advance Systemcare free:
    When compared to CCleaner ASF is the free tool and and it also offers some of the most interesting tools for our computer, and everything for free such system optimization, security tools, disk defrag etc i always prefer this tool.
Click Here to Read more!

Technical Interview Questions

 C- Questions

1. What does static variable mean?
2. What is a pointer?
3. What is a structure?
4. What are the differences between structures and arrays?
5. In header files whether functions are declared or defined?
6. What are the differences between malloc() and calloc()?
7. What are macros? what are its advantages and disadvantages?
8. Difference between pass by reference and pass by value?
9. What is static identifier?
10. Where are the auto variables stored?
11. Where does global, static, local, register variables, free memory and C Program instructions get stored?
12. Difference between arrays and linked list?
13. What are enumerations?
14. Describe about storage allocation and scope of global, extern, static, local and register variables?
15. What are register variables? What are the advantage of using register variables?
16. What is the use of typedef?
17. Can we specify variable field width in a scanf() format string? If possible how?
18. Out of fgets() and gets() which function is safe to use and why?
19. Difference between strdup and strcpy?
20. What is recursion?
21. Differentiate between a for loop and a while loop? What are it uses?
22. What are the different storage classes in C?
23. Write down the equivalent pointer _expression for referring the same element a[i][j][k][l]?
24. What is difference between Structure and Unions?
25. What the advantages of using Unions?
26. What are the advantages of using pointers in a program?
27. What is the difference between Strings and Arrays?
28. In a header file whether functions are declared or defined?
29. What is a far pointer? where we use it?
30. How will you declare an array of three function pointers where each function receives two ints and returns a float?
31. what is a NULL Pointer? Whether it is same as an uninitialized pointer?
32. What is a NULL Macro? What is the difference between a NULL Pointer and a NULL Macro?
33. What does the error 'Null Pointer Assignment' mean and what causes this error?
34. What is near, far and huge pointers? How many bytes are occupied by them?
35. How would you obtain segment and offset addresses from a far address of a memory location?
36. Are the expressions arr and &arr same for an array of integers?
37. Does mentioning the array name gives the base address in all the contexts?
38. Explain one method to process an entire string as one unit?
39. What is the similarity between a Structure, Union and enumeration?
40. Can a Structure contain a Pointer to itself?
41. How can we check whether the contents of two structure variables are same or not?
42. How are Structure passing and returning implemented by the complier?
43. How can we read/write Structures from/to data files?
44. What is the difference between an enumeration and a set of pre-processor # defines?
45. what do the 'c' and 'v' in argc and argv stand for?
46. Are the variables argc and argv are local to main?
47. What is the maximum combined length of command line arguments including the space between adjacent arguments?
48. If we want that any wildcard characters in the command line arguments should be appropriately expanded, are we required to make any special provision? If yes, which?
49. Does there exist any way to make the command line arguments available to other functions without passing them as arguments to the function?
50. What are bit fields? What is the use of bit fields in a Structure declaration?
51. To which numbering system can the binary number 1101100100111100 be easily converted to?
52. Which bit wise operator is suitable for checking whether a particular bit is on or off?
53. Which bit wise operator is suitable for turning off a particular bit in a number?
54. Which bit wise operator is suitable for putting on a particular bit in a number?
55. Which bit wise operator is suitable for checking whether a particular bit is on or off?
56. which one is equivalent to multiplying by 2:Left shifting a number by 1 or Left shifting an unsigned int or char by 1?
57. Write a program to compare two strings without using the strcmp() function.
58. Write a program to concatenate two strings.
59. Write a program to interchange 2 variables without using the third one.
60. Write programs for String Reversal & Palindrome check
61. Write a program to find the Factorial of a number
62. Write a program to generate the Fibinocci Series
63. Write a program which employs Recursion
64. Write a program which uses Command Line Arguments
65. Write a program which uses functions like strcmp(), strcpy()? etc
66. What are the advantages of using typedef in a program?
67. How would you dynamically allocate a one-dimensional and two-dimensional array of integers?
68. How can you increase the size of a dynamically allocated array?
69. How can you increase the size of a statically allocated array?
70. When reallocating memory if any other pointers point into the same piece of memory do you have to readjust these other pointers or do they get readjusted automatically?
71. Which function should be used to free the memory allocated by calloc()?
72. How much maximum can you allocate in a single call to malloc()?
73. Can you dynamically allocate arrays in expanded memory?
74. What is object file? How can you access object file?
75. Which header file should you include if you are to develop a function which can accept variable number of arguments?
76. Can you write a function similar to printf()?
77. How can a called function determine the number of arguments that have been passed to it?
78. Can there be at least some solution to determine the number of arguments passed to a variable argument list function?
79. How do you declare the following:
* An array of three pointers to chars
* An array of three char pointers
* A pointer to array of three chars
* A pointer to function which receives an int pointer and returns a float pointer
* A pointer to a function which receives nothing and returns nothing
80. What do the functions atoi(), itoa() and gcvt() do?
81. Does there exist any other function which can be used to convert an integer or a float to a string?
82. How would you use qsort() function to sort an array of structures?
83. How would you use qsort() function to sort the name stored in an array of pointers to string?
84. How would you use bsearch() function to search a name stored in array of pointers to string?
85. How would you use the functions sin(), pow(), sqrt()?
86. How would you use the functions memcpy(), memset(), memmove()?
87. How would you use the functions fseek(), freed(), fwrite() and ftell()?
88. How would you obtain the current time and difference between two times?
89. How would you use the functions randomize() and random()?
90. How would you implement a substr() function that extracts a sub string from a given string?
91. What is the difference between the functions rand(), random(), srand() and randomize()?
92. What is the difference between the functions memmove() and memcpy()?
93. How do you print a string on the printer?
94. Can you use the function fprintf() to display the output on the screen?



C++- Questions

1. What is a class?
2. What is an object?
3. What is the difference between an object and a class?
4. What is the difference between class and structure?
5. What is public, protected, private?
6. What are virtual functions?
7. What is friend function?
8. What is a scope resolution operator?
9. What do you mean by inheritance?
10. What is abstraction?
11. What is polymorphism? Explain with an example.
12. What is encapsulation?
13. What do you mean by binding of data and functions?
14. What is function overloading and operator overloading?
15. What is virtual class and friend class?
16. What do you mean by inline function?
17. What do you mean by public, private, protected and friendly?
18. When is an object created and what is its lifetime?
19. What do you mean by multiple inheritance and multilevel inheritance? Differentiate between them.
20. Difference between realloc() and free?
21. What is a template?
22. What are the main differences between procedure oriented languages and object oriented languages?
23. What is R T T I ?
24. What are generic functions and generic classes?
25. What is namespace?
26. What is the difference between pass by reference and pass by value?
27. Why do we use virtual functions?
28. What do you mean by pure virtual functions?
29. What are virtual classes?
30. Does c++ support multilevel and multiple inheritance?
31. What are the advantages of inheritance?
32. When is a memory allocated to a class?
33. What is the difference between declaration and definition?
34. What is virtual constructors/destructors?
35. In c++ there is only virtual destructors, no constructors. Why?
36. What is late bound function call and early bound function call? Differentiate.
37. How is exception handling carried out in c++?
38. When will a constructor executed?
39. What is Dynamic Polymorphism?
40. Write a macro for swapping integers.



DATA STRUCTURE QUESTIONS

1. What is a data structure?
2. What does abstract data type means?
3. Evaluate the following prefix _expression " ++ 26 + - 1324" (Similar types can be asked)
4. Convert the following infix _expression to post fix notation ((a+2)*(b+4)) -1 (Similar types can be asked)
5. How is it possible to insert different type of elements in stack?
6. Stack can be described as a pointer. Explain.
7. Write a Binary Search program
8. Write programs for Bubble Sort, Quick sort
9. Explain about the types of linked lists
10. How would you sort a linked list?
11. Write the programs for Linked List (Insertion and Deletion) operations
12. What data structure would you mostly likely see in a non recursive implementation of a recursive algorithm?
13. What do you mean by Base case, Recursive case, Binding Time, Run-Time Stack and Tail Recursion?
14. Explain quick sort and merge sort algorithms and derive the time-constraint relation for these.
15. Explain binary searching, Fibinocci search.
16. What is the maximum total number of nodes in a tree that has N levels? Note that the root is level (zero)
17. How many different binary trees and binary search trees can be made from three nodes that contain the key values 1, 2 & 3?
18. A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the longest time to execute?
19. A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the shortest time to execute?
20. When will you sort an array of pointers to list elements, rather than sorting the elements themselves?
21. The element being searched for is not found in an array of 100 elements. What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine that the element is not there, if the elements are completely unordered?
22. What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine the position of an element in an array of 100 elements, if the elements are ordered from largest to smallest?
23. Which sort show the best average behavior?
24. What is the average number of comparisons in a sequential search?
25. Which data structure is needed to convert infix notations to post fix notations?
26. What do you mean by:
* Syntax Error
* Logical Error
* Runtime Error
How can you correct these errors?
27. In which data structure, elements can be added or removed at either end, but not in the middle?
28. How will inorder, preorder and postorder traversals print the elements of a tree?
29. Parenthesis are never needed in prefix or postfix expressions. Why?
30. Which one is faster? A binary search of an orderd set of elements in an array or a sequential search of the elements.


JAVA QUESTIONS

1. What is the difference between an Abstract class and Interface?
2. What is user defined exception?
3. What do you know about the garbage collector?
4. What is the difference between java and c++?
5. In an htm form I have a button which makes us to open another page in 15 seconds. How will you do that?
6. What is the difference between process and threads?
7. What is update method called?
8. Have you ever used HashTable and Directory?
9. What are statements in Java?
10. What is a JAR file?
11. What is JNI?
12. What is the base class for all swing components?
13. What is JFC?
14. What is the difference between AWT and Swing?
15. Considering notepad/IE or any other thing as process, What will happen if you start notepad or IE 3 times ? Where three processes are started or three threads are started?
16. How does thread synchronization occur in a monitor?
17. Is there any tag in htm to upload and download files?
18. Why do you canvas?
19. How can you know about drivers and database information ?
20. What is serialization?
21. Can you load the server object dynamically? If so what are the 3 major steps involved in it?
22. What is the layout for toolbar?
23. What is the difference between Grid and Gridbaglayout?
24. How will you add panel to a frame?
25. Where are the card layouts used?
26. What is the corresponding layout for card in swing?
27. What is light weight component?
28. Can you run the product development on all operating systems?
29. What are the benefits if Swing over AWT?
30. How can two threads be made to communicate with each other?
31. What are the files generated after using IDL to java compiler?
32. What is the protocol used by server and client?
33. What is the functionability stubs and skeletons?
34. What is the mapping mechanism used by java to identify IDL language?
35. What is serializable interface?
36. What is the use of interface?
37. Why is java not fully objective oriented?
38. Why does java not support multiple inheritance?
39. What is the root class for all java classes?
40. What is polymorphism?
41. Suppose if we have a variable 'I' in run method, if I can create one or more thread each thread will occupy a separate copy or same variable will be shared?
42. What are virtual functions?
43. Write down how will you create a Binary tree?
44. What are the traverses in binary tree?
45. Write a program for recursive traverse?
46. What are session variable in servlets?
47. What is client server computing?
48. What is constructor and virtual function? Can we call a virtual function in a constructor?
49. Why do we use oops concepts? What is its advantage?
50. What is middleware? What is the functionality of web server?
51. Why is java not 100% pure oops?
52. When will you use an interface and abstract class?
53. What is the exact difference in between Unicast and Multicast object? Where will it be used?
54. What is the main functionality of the remote reference layer?
55. How do you download stubs from Remote place?
56. I want to store more than 10 objects in a remote server? Which methodology will follow?
57. What is the main functionality of Prepared Statement?
58. What is meant by Static query and Dynamic query?
59. What are Normalization Rules? Define Normalization?
60. What is meant by Servelet? What are the parameters of service method?
61. What is meant by Session? Explain something about HTTP Session Class?
62. In a container there are 5 components. I want to display all the component names, how will you do that?
63. Why there are some null interface in JAVA? What does it mean? Give some null interface in JAVA?
64. Tell some latest versions in JAVA related areas?
65. What is meant by class loader? How many types are there? When will we use them?
66. What is meant by flickering?
67. What is meant by distributed application? Why are we using that in our application?
68. What is the functionality of the stub?
69. Explain about version control?
70. Explain 2-tier and 3-tier architecture?
71. What is the role of Web Server?
72. How can we do validation of the fields in a project?
73. What is meant by cookies? Explain the main features?
74. Why java is considered as platform independent?
75. What are the advantages of java over C++?
76. How java can be connected to a database?
77. What is thread?
78. What is difference between Process and Thread?
79. Does java support multiple inheritance? if not, what is the solution?
80. What are abstract classes?
81. What is an interface?
82. What is the difference abstract class and interface?
83. What are adapter classes?
84. what is meant wrapper classes?
85. What are JVM.JRE, J2EE, JNI?
86. What are swing components?
87. What do you mean by light weight and heavy weight components?
88. What is meant by function overloading and function overriding?
89. Does java support function overloading, pointers, structures, unions or linked lists?
90. What do you mean by multithreading?
91. What are byte codes?
92. What are streams?
93. What is user defined exception?
94. In an htm page form I have one button which makes us to open a new page in 15 seconds. How will you do that?



Advanced JAVA questions

1. What is RMI?
2. Explain about RMI Architecture?
3. What are Servelets?
4. What is the use of servlets?
5. Explain RMI Architecture?
6. How will you pass values from htm page to the servlet?
7. How do you load an image in a Servelet?
8. What is purpose of applet programming?
9. How will you communicate between two applets?
10. What IS the difference between Servelets and Applets?
11. How do you communicate in between Applets and Servlets?
12. What is the difference between applet and application?
13. What is the difference between CGI and Servlet?
14. In the servlets, we are having a web page that is invoking servlets ,username and password? which is checks in database? Suppose the second page also if we want to verify the same information whether it will connect to the database or it will be used previous information?
15. What are the difference between RMI and Servelets?
16. How will you call an Applet using Java Script Function?
17. How can you push data from an Applet to a Servlet?
18. What are 4 drivers available in JDBC? At what situation are four of the drivers used?
19. If you are truncated using JDBC , how can you that how much data is truncated?
20. How will you perform truncation using JDBC?
21. What is the latest version of JDBC? What are the new features added in that?
22. What is the difference between RMI registry and OS Agent?
23. To a server method, the client wants to send a value 20, with this value exceeds to 20 a message should be sent to the client . What will you do for achieving this?
24. How do you invoke a Servelet? What is the difference between doPost method and doGet method?
25. What is difference between the HTTP Servelet and Generic Servelet? Explain about their methods and parameters?
26. Can we use threads in Servelets?
27. Write a program on RMI and JDBC using Stored Procedure?
28. How do you swing an applet?
29. How will you pass parameters in RMI? Why do you serialize?
30. In RMI ,server object is first loaded into memory and then the stub reference is sent to the client. true or false?
31. Suppose server object not loaded into the memory and the client request for it. What will happen?
32. What is the web server used for running the servelets?
33. What is Servlet API used for connecting database?
34. What is bean? Where can it be used?
35. What is the difference between java class and bean?
36. Can we sent objects using Sockets?
37. What is the RMI and Socket?
38. What is CORBA?
39. Can you modify an object in corba?
40. What is RMI and what are the services in RMI?
41. What are the difference between RMI and CORBA?
42. How will you initialize an Applet?
43. What is the order of method invocation in an Applet?
44. What is ODBC and JDBC? How do you connect the Database?
45. What do you mean by Socket Programming?
46. What is difference between Generic Servlet and HTTP Servelet?
47. What you mean by COM and DCOM?
48. what is e-commerce?



Operating System Questions

1. What are the basic functions of an operating system?
2. Explain briefly about, processor, assembler, compiler, loader, linker and the functions executed by them.
3. What are the difference phases of software development? Explain briefly?
4. Differentiate between RAM and ROM?
5. What is DRAM? In which form does it store data?
6. What is cache memory?
7. What is hard disk and what is its purpose?
8. Differentiate between Complier and Interpreter?
9. What are the different tasks of Lexical analysis?
10. What are the different functions of Syntax phase, Sheduler?
11. What are the main difference between Micro-Controller and Micro- Processor?
12. Describe different job scheduling in operating systems.
13. What is a Real-Time System ?
14. What is the difference between Hard and Soft real-time systems ?
15. What is a mission critical system ?
16. What is the important aspect of a real-time system ?
17. If two processes which shares same system memory and system clock in a distributed system, What is it called?
18. What is the state of the processor, when a process is waiting for some event to occur?
19. What do you mean by deadlock?
20. Explain the difference between microkernel and macro kernel.
21. Give an example of microkernel.
22. When would you choose bottom up methodology?
23. When would you choose top down methodology?
24. Write a small dc shell script to find number of FF in the design.
25. Why paging is used ?
26. Which is the best page replacement algorithm and Why? How much time is spent usually in each phases and why?
27. Difference between Primary storage and secondary storage?
28. What is multi tasking, multi programming, multi threading?
29. Difference between multi threading and multi tasking?
30. What is software life cycle?
31. Demand paging, page faults, replacement algorithms, thrashing, etc.
32. Explain about paged segmentation and segment paging
33. While running DOS on a PC, which command would be used to duplicate the entire diskette?



MICROPROCESSOR QUESTIONS

1. Which type of architecture 8085 has?
2. How many memory locations can be addressed by a microprocessor with 14 address lines?
3. 8085 is how many bit microprocessor?
4. Why is data bus bi-directional?
5. What is the function of accumulator?
6. What is flag, bus?
7. What are tri-state devices and why they are essential in a bus oriented system?
8. Why are program counter and stack pointer 16-bit registers?
9. What does it mean by embedded system?
10. What are the different addressing modes in 8085?
11. What is the difference between MOV and MVI?
12. What are the functions of RIM, SIM, IN?
13. What is the immediate addressing mode?
14. What are the different flags in 8085?
15. What happens during DMA transfer?
16. What do you mean by wait state? What is its need?
17. What is PSW?
18. What is ALE? Explain the functions of ALE in 8085.
19. What is a program counter? What is its use?
20. What is an interrupt?
21. Which line will be activated when an output device require attention from CPU?



ELECTRONICS QUESTIONS

1. What is meant by D-FF?
2. What is the basic difference between Latches and Flip flops?
3. What is a multiplexer?
4. How can you convert an SR Flip-flop to a JK Flip-flop?
5. How can you convert an JK Flip-flop to a D Flip-flop?
6. What is Race-around problem? How can you rectify it?
7. Which semiconductor device is used as a voltage regulator and why?
8. What do you mean by an ideal voltage source?
9. What do you mean by zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown?
10. What are the different types of filters?
11. What is the need of filtering ideal response of filters and actual response of filters?
12. What is sampling theorem?
13. What is impulse response?
14. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters compared to IIR counterparts.
15. What is CMRR? Explain briefly.
16. What do you mean by half-duplex and full-duplex communication? Explain briefly.
17. Which range of signals are used for terrestrial transmission?
18. What is the need for modulation?
19. Which type of modulation is used in TV transmission?
20. Why we use vestigial side band (VSB-C3F) transmission for picture?
21. When transmitting digital signals is it necessary to transmit some harmonics in addition to fundamental frequency?
22. For asynchronous transmission, is it necessary to supply some synchronizing pulses additionally or to supply or to supply start and stop bit?
23. BPFSK is more efficient than BFSK in presence of noise. Why?
24. What is meant by pre-emphasis and de-emphasis?
25. What do you mean by 3 dB cutoff frequency? Why is it 3 dB, not 1 dB?
26. What do you mean by ASCII, EBCDIC?

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List Of Games That Work With 3D Analyze

This is the list of computer games that require DirectX 8.0 programmable Pixel Shader 1.1 support to run [which 3D Analyze is capable of emulating. If anyone finds a game which does not work even if its listed, or a game which works even though it's not listed, inform me. I'll subtract (or add) your game to the page.

* Alexander (needs confirmation)
* Act of War: Direct Action
* Advent Rising
* Attack on Pearl Harbour
* Battlestations: Midway
* Black & White 2
* Black & White 2: Battle of the Gods
* BloodRayne 2
* Boiling Point: Road to Hell
* Brothers in Arms: Earned in Blood
* Brothers in Arms: Road to Hill 30
* Caesar IV
* Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth
* Chaotic
* The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
* The Chronicles of Riddick: Escape from Butcher Bay
* Colin McRae Rally 2005
* Company of Heroes
* Darkstar One
* Deus Ex: Invisible War
* Devil May Cry 3 (Use skip pixel shaders options, force 100 Hz, check performance mode, force SwTnL; Tested on Intel 865 onboard graphics)
* Earth 2160
* Empire Earth 2
* Empire Earth 2: The Art of Supremacy
* Eragon
* Fable: The Lost Chapters
* F.E.A.R.
* Half-Life 2: Episode Two
* Heroes of Might and Magic V
* Heroes of Might and Magic V: Hammers of Fate
* Heroes of Might and Magic V: Tribes of the East
* Just Cause
* Knight Of The Temple 2
* Lego Star Wars: The Video Game
* Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy
* Lord of the Rings Online
* Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (Required LOTR Texture Fix)
* Marc Ecko’s Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure
* Marvel: Ultimate Alliance
* Medal of Honor: Pacific Assault
* Medieval II: Total War
* Medieval II: Total War Kingdoms
* Mega Man X8
* Men of Valor
* Need for Speed Carbon
* Paws & Claws Pet Vet 2 Healing Hands
* Pirates of the Caribbean: The Legend of Jack Sparrow
* Portal
* Project: Snowblind
* Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time
* Psychonauts
* Richard Burns Rally
* Roboblitz
* Serious Sam 2
* Silent Hill 3
* Silent Hill 4 (Performance > force SW TnL, Hardware Limits(cap bits) > all, Vendor ID 0, Device ID 0, ANTI DETECT MODE > shaders and textures ).
* Silent Hunter III
* Sniper Elite
* Spellforce 2: Shadow Wars
* Star Wars: Republic Commando (works with some texture problems)
* Sudeki
* Team Fortress 2
* Test Drive Unlimited
* The Godfather: The Game
* The House of the Dead III
* The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-Earth II
* The Matrix: Path of Neo
* Thief: Deadly Shadows
* Titan Quest
* Titan Quest: Immortal Throne
* Toca Race Driver 3 (launches, but isn’t playable)
* Tom Clancy’s Rainbow Six: Lockdown
* Tom Clancy’s Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory
* Tom Clancy’s Splinter Cell: Pandora Tomorrow
* Tony Hawk’s American Wasteland
* Top Spin
* Total World Demo
* Wildlife Park 2
* Winning Eleven/ Pro Evolution Soccer series on PC (although playable frame rates are possible with a Geforce 4 MX if used with a fast enough CPU)
* Worms 4: Mayhem
* Virtua Tennis 3
* Crazy Taxi 3
* Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars (requires hardware TnL, per EA.com Tech Support)
* F.E.A.R. Extraction Point (needs confirmation)
* F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate (needs confirmation)
* Genesis Rising: The Universal Crusade
* Loki: Heroes of Mythology (needs confirmation)
* The Settlers: Rise of an Empire
* X3: Reunion
* Battlefield 2
* Battlefield 2: Special Forces
* Battlefield 2142
* Battlefield 2142: Northern Strike
* Hitman: Blood Money
* Star Trek: Legacy
* Resident Evil 4

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Play pc games without graphics card

Playing games without graphics card
        Hi guys lot of the people ll have desktop with the lowest configurations but they wish to play high graphical games in their computer with 3D rendering and with the shader pixel , but they cant play the games due to the graphics card which they need to play, but now you can play high quality games in your PC without graphic card by using a emulator called 3danalyzer it is used to play most of the games released in 2010 and also in 2009 and before
here is the link: http://3danalyzersoftware.com

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Top 10 Free Antivirus Software Of Year 2010

1) Microsoft Security Essentials : This antivirus is from Microsoft team and totally free for Genuine Windows users. It has a good detection rates and most of all very light on resources. Automatic updates works perfectly fine. To see the whole review and how to install MSE on your computer http://savedelete.com/microsoft-security-essential-free-virus-remover-tool-from-microsoft-team.html

2) Avast ! Free Antivirus : Avast is often seen as the biggest competitor to other Antivirusprograms as it is very simple and easy to use. Avast is loaded with most features, real-time protection capabilities including web, E-mail, P2P, network shields, boot-time scanning. It is very light on resources and hardly take minutes to schedule scans. But there is one negative point that you have to register first and it takes time to register. Otherwise it is widely preferred Antivirusprogram for many users.

3) AVG Free Antivirus : AVG has been around in the Antivirus market from ages and gained lot of loyal users to their kitty. They also provide upgraded version which is very costly but I believe that their free Antivirus program is great for users having personal computers. AVG user interface is pretty simple and it takes a minute to install on your computer.

4) Bitdefender : Bitdefender  is one of the best contender for top Antivirus software which provides advanced protection against viruses, phishing attacks, spyware, malwaere and various other real-time threats. It takes only minutes to download it and work without slowing down your computer speed. There is also a very nifty feature included in the latest version that it helps to protect leaking your personal information via E-mail, Web or IM.

5) Avira AntiVir Personal : One of the best pick if you are looking for simple to use and light on Antivirus software. It works perfectly fine to detect virus, spyware, rootkit threats. The best part of Avira is that it is quiet outstanding in terms of finding malware. Few false positives about Avira is that it does not inlude E-mail scanner in free version, but if you open any infected E-mail, it comes again into action. And with every update, it shows advertisements but you have choice to disable them. I still believe that Avira is strong Antivirus program and you should try it.

6) Comodo Antivirus + Firewall : This program was started as a commerial Antivirussoftware but now available free for both personal and commercial use. It is very simple to use, light on resources and doesn’t affect your computer speed. It offers real-time scanning, automatic updates, email scanning, detects worms and spyware. The virus definition is update daily and Host Intrusion Detection allows you to protect from attacking viruses, spyware, and other malware before they infect your computer.

7) A – Squared Free : This program was detecting and removing only trojans in the starting but recently included the Ikarus antivirus engine. It scans your computer from  Trojans, Viruses, Spyware, Adware, Worms, Bots, Keyloggers and Dialers. The only negative point about this software is its large virus update size. Its comes with Antivirus + Anti – Spyware.

8 ) Rising Antivirus : Rising Antivirus Free Edition is Antivirus solution from China. It is a simple program which runs low on the memory and do every bit of task that every otherAntivirus software does. It protects computers against all types of viruses, Trojans, worms, rootkits and other malicious programs. One feature is good is that it provides full protection to your account information. It mostly updates on alternate days and if you are looking for “install and forget” program, this program is best.

9) PC Tools Antivirus : All-in-one program which can protect your PC from virus, worms, trojans and also included scanning of incoming and outgoing mails. It provides you on-demand scans and automatic updates. The negative points are that free edition offers limited support and updates are non-priority based which are essential for real-time virus protection program.

10) Spyware Doctor with Antivirus 2010 : As the name suggests, its comes with Anti-spyware and Antivirus program which provides full security to your computer. It detects almost every infection like spyware, adware, trojans, viruses, worms, keyloggers, identity theft, phishing, popups and malicious websites. It updates automatically mostly on daily basis.

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